{"id":782,"date":"2020-04-07T14:36:45","date_gmt":"2020-04-07T14:36:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost:9999\/rec\/5-mikrobien-nakymaton-monimuotoisuus\/"},"modified":"2021-09-07T10:39:16","modified_gmt":"2021-09-07T10:39:16","slug":"5-mikrobernas-osynliga-diversitet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/sv\/5-mikrobernas-osynliga-diversitet\/","title":{"rendered":"5. Mikrobernas osynliga diversitet"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;0px||0px||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px||false|false&#8221; da_disable_devices=&#8221;off|off|off&#8221; da_is_popup=&#8221;off&#8221; da_exit_intent=&#8221;off&#8221; da_has_close=&#8221;on&#8221; da_alt_close=&#8221;off&#8221; da_dark_close=&#8221;off&#8221; da_not_modal=&#8221;on&#8221; da_is_singular=&#8221;off&#8221; da_with_loader=&#8221;off&#8221; da_has_shadow=&#8221;on&#8221;][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px|||&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243;][et_pb_video src=&#8221;https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=MpofUXVgmNE&#8221; thumbnail_overlay_color=&#8221;rgba(0,0,0,0.6)&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243; src__hover_enabled=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221;][\/et_pb_video][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">Filmen ber\u00e4ttar om hur vi idag uppfattar mikrobernas diversitet och betydelse. Den ber\u00e4ttar ocks\u00e5 om nya forskningsmetoder och om hur man studerat mikroberna i Finlands natur.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-2px|||||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;2px||0px|||&#8221; da_disable_devices=&#8221;off|off|off&#8221; da_is_popup=&#8221;off&#8221; da_exit_intent=&#8221;off&#8221; da_has_close=&#8221;on&#8221; da_alt_close=&#8221;off&#8221; da_dark_close=&#8221;off&#8221; da_not_modal=&#8221;on&#8221; da_is_singular=&#8221;off&#8221; da_with_loader=&#8221;off&#8221; da_has_shadow=&#8221;on&#8221;][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;||0px|||&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243;][et_pb_divider _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243;][\/et_pb_divider][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243;]<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"p1\"><b>L\u00e4s mera om mikrobernas diversitet<\/b><\/h2>\n<p class=\"p1\">L\u00e4s om tv\u00e5 finl\u00e4ndska forskningsprojekt som belyser naturens mikrobdiversitet och dess betydelse f\u00f6r m\u00e4nniskan.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li class=\"p1\">\n<p class=\"p1\"><b>Virusdiversitet i v\u00e4xten svartk\u00e4mpar (Plantago lanceolata) p\u00e5 \u00c5land<\/b><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/peerj.com\/articles\/6140\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ursprungsartikel<\/a> \u2022 <a href=\"#sammanfattning-1\">Sammanfattning p\u00e5 svenska<\/a> \u2022 <a href=\"https:\/\/yle.fi\/uutiset\/3-10293922\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Yle-artikel om utforskningen av sjukdomar som angriper svartk\u00e4mpar (p\u00e5 finska)<\/a><br \/><small>Susi H, Filloux D, Frilander MJ, Roumagnac P, Laine A. 2019. Diverse and variable virus communities in wild plant populations revealed by metagenomic tools. PeerJ 7:e6140 DOI:10.7717\/peerj.6140<\/small><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\">\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><b>Skillnaderna mellan hudens mikrobiom hos barn och unga i st\u00e4der och p\u00e5 landsbygden<\/b><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/srep45651\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ursprungsartikel<\/a> \u2022 <a href=\"#sammanfattning-2\">\u00d6vers\u00e4ttning av en YLE-artikel som bygger p\u00e5 unders\u00f6kningen<\/a><br \/><small>Lehtim\u00e4ki, J., ym. 2017. Patterns in the skin microbiota differ in children and teenagers between rural and urban environments. Scientific Reports 7, Article number: 45651. DOI:10.1038\/srep45651<\/small><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243; background_color=&#8221;#fdfdfd&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;1px|||||&#8221; da_disable_devices=&#8221;off|off|off&#8221; da_is_popup=&#8221;off&#8221; da_exit_intent=&#8221;off&#8221; da_has_close=&#8221;on&#8221; da_alt_close=&#8221;off&#8221; da_dark_close=&#8221;off&#8221; da_not_modal=&#8221;on&#8221; da_is_singular=&#8221;off&#8221; da_with_loader=&#8221;off&#8221; da_has_shadow=&#8221;on&#8221;][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;||0px|||&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243;][et_pb_divider _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243;][\/et_pb_divider][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243;]<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"p1\"><span><b>Ta reda p\u00e5<br \/> <\/b><\/span><span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Mikrober \u00e4r sv\u00e5ra att se och de nyaste metoderna som forskarna anv\u00e4nder f\u00f6r att hitta dem \u00e4r \u00e4n s\u00e5 l\u00e4nge tillg\u00e4ngliga enbart f\u00f6r professionella laboratorier. Men du kommer r\u00e4tt l\u00e5ngt ocks\u00e5 med den gamla goda petrisk\u00e5lsmetoden. Visualiseringar av mikrobsamh\u00e4llets funktion g\u00f6rs med hj\u00e4lp av datorsimulationer.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px|||&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243;][et_pb_text module_class=&#8221;tehtava-checklist&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243; background_color=&#8221;rgba(0,0,0,0)&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h5 class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><b>Hur snabbt f\u00f6r\u00f6kar sig bakterier?<\/b><\/span><\/h5>\n<p>Bakteriernas snabba tillv\u00e4xt bygger p\u00e5 deras f\u00f6rm\u00e5ga att dela sig, det vill s\u00e4ga f\u00f6r\u00f6ka sig k\u00f6nl\u00f6st. Varje bakteriecell blir f\u00f6rst tv\u00e5, sedan fyra osv. Detta kallas exponentiell tillv\u00e4xt. T\u00e4nk dig att en bakterie fr\u00e5n din telefonsk\u00e4rm fastnar p\u00e5 ditt finger. D\u00e4rifr\u00e5n f\u00f6rflyttar den sig vidare in i din n\u00e4sa. I de h\u00e4r perfekta f\u00f6rh\u00e5llandena s\u00e4tter den ig\u00e5ng att dela sig, en g\u00e5ng var 20 minut. Hur m\u00e5nga bakterier har du i n\u00e4san efter ett dygn? N\u00e4r g\u00e5r siffran \u00f6ver en miljon?<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"1-1\" name=\"1-1\" value=\"1-1\" \/><label for=\"1-1\">Anv\u00e4nd r\u00e4knare eller <a href=\"https:\/\/media.hhmi.org\/biointeractive\/click\/populationdynamics\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">testa det h\u00e4r<\/a>. V\u00e4lj \u201dExponential\u201d och klicka p\u00e5 pilen l\u00e4ngst till h\u00f6ger f\u00f6r att komma till simulationen av hur exponentiell tillv\u00e4xt g\u00e5r till. Du kan manipulera de till\u00e5tna maximiv\u00e4rdena med hj\u00e4lp av kugghjulet.<\/label><\/li>\n<li><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"1-2\" name=\"1-2\" value=\"1-2\" \/><label for=\"1-2\">Fundera \u00f6ver varf\u00f6r det h\u00e4r \u00e4nd\u00e5 inte drabbar din n\u00e4sa. Tips: Byt ut \u201dExponential\u201d mot \u201dLogistic\u201d och se hur det p\u00e5verkar simulationen.<\/label><\/li>\n<li><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"1-3\" name=\"1-3\" value=\"1-3\" \/><label for=\"1-3\">F\u00f6reningen Ruokatieto.fi har samlat ihop ett infopaket om livsmedelshygien och mikrobiologi. Materialet \u00e4r tyv\u00e4rr bara p\u00e5 finska. P\u00e5 Svenska Livsmedelsverkets sidor hittar du liknande information <a href=\"https:\/\/www.livsmedelsverket.se\/livsmedel-och-innehall\/bakterier-virus-parasiter-och-mogelsvampar1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">p\u00e5 svenska<\/a>. En viktig l\u00e4rdom \u00e4r att det l\u00f6nar sig att f\u00f6rvara maten i kylsk\u00e5p. Hur skulle du studera kylf\u00f6rvaringens effekter p\u00e5 bakteriernas f\u00f6r\u00f6kning i simulationen ovan?<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5 class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><b>Odla mikrober i petrisk\u00e5l<\/b><\/span><\/h5>\n<p>F\u00f6r de h\u00e4r f\u00f6rs\u00f6ken beh\u00f6vs petrisk\u00e5lar med f\u00e4rdigt n\u00e4ringsunderlag som passar f\u00f6r m\u00e5nga slags bakterier. Skolan kan best\u00e4lla petrisk\u00e5lar. Bilda grupper som testar mikroberna i olika material. Placera en liten bit av det du vill testa p\u00e5 n\u00e4ringsunderlaget. L\u00e4gg p\u00e5 locket och v\u00e4nd sk\u00e5len upp och ned. F\u00f6rvara den n\u00e5gra dagar i en temperatur som h\u00e5ller sig s\u00e5 n\u00e4ra +37 grader som m\u00f6jligt.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"2-1\" name=\"2-1\" value=\"2-1\" \/><label for=\"2-1\"><b>Effekten av handtv\u00e4tt:<\/b> Rita upp fyra sektorer p\u00e5 petrisk\u00e5lens botten (utsidan) med tusch och numrera dem 1 \u2013 4. R\u00f6r sektor 1 med fingret. Fukta handen, skaka av vattnet och r\u00f6r sektor 2 med ett v\u00e5tt finger. Tv\u00e4tta h\u00e4nderna med tv\u00e5l, skaka av det mesta l\u00f6ddret och r\u00f6r sektor 3 med ditt tv\u00e5liga finger. Tv\u00e4tta till sist h\u00e4nderna klart, sk\u00f6lj och torka med handpapper och r\u00f6r vid sektor 4. Odla bakterierna n\u00e5gra dagar. I vilken sektor ser ni mest bakteriekolonier? F\u00f6rklara.<\/label><\/li>\n<li><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"2-2\" name=\"2-2\" value=\"2-2\" \/><label for=\"2-2\"><b>Telefon eller toalett? <\/b> Torka av din telefon med en bomullspinne och dra pinnen \u00f6ver n\u00e4ringsunderlaget, f\u00f6rsiktigt s\u00e5 att du inte s\u00f6ndrar ytan. G\u00f6r samma sak med en toalett (sitsens innerkant). Kom ih\u00e5g att m\u00e4rka petrisk\u00e5larna s\u00e5 att du vet vilken som har bakterier fr\u00e5n telefonen och vilken fr\u00e5n toaletten. Odla bakterierna. I vilkendera sk\u00e5len hittar du mest bakterier? Upprepa med flera telefoner och toaletter. Pr\u00f6va om det blir n\u00e5gon skillnad om ni desinficerar dem f\u00f6rst.<\/label><\/li>\n<li><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"2-3\" name=\"2-3\" value=\"2-3\" \/><label for=\"2-3\"><b>Bakterier i milj\u00f6n:<\/b> amla sm\u00e5 m\u00e4ngder mark fr\u00e5n olika platser, fr\u00e5n konstgjorda milj\u00f6er till mera och mera naturliga: v\u00e4gkant, skolg\u00e5rd, gr\u00e4smatta, park, \u00e5kerkant, skog &#8230; Str\u00f6 en liten m\u00e4ngd av varje prov tunt \u00f6ver n\u00e4ringsunderlaget i en petrisk\u00e5l. M\u00e4rk sk\u00e5larna med en anteckning om varifr\u00e5n provet kom och f\u00f6rvara dem varmt n\u00e5gra dagar. Ser ni en skillnad i hur m\u00e5nga olika slags bakteriekolonier som uppenbarar sig?<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243; background_color=&#8221;rgba(0,0,0,0)&#8221; da_disable_devices=&#8221;off|off|off&#8221; da_is_popup=&#8221;off&#8221; da_exit_intent=&#8221;off&#8221; da_has_close=&#8221;on&#8221; da_alt_close=&#8221;off&#8221; da_dark_close=&#8221;off&#8221; da_not_modal=&#8221;on&#8221; da_is_singular=&#8221;off&#8221; da_with_loader=&#8221;off&#8221; da_has_shadow=&#8221;on&#8221;][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;||1px|||&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243;][et_pb_divider _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243;][\/et_pb_divider][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243;]<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><b>V\u00e4xtsjukdomsherbarium<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">G\u00f6r ett herbarium som best\u00e5r av v\u00e4xter med tecken p\u00e5 n\u00e5gon sjukdom. F\u00f6r bok \u00f6ver var och n\u00e4r du plockat v\u00e4xterna. <a href=\"https:\/\/sv.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kategori:V%C3%A4xtsjukdomar\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">H\u00e4r<\/a> och <a href=\"http:\/\/www.diasto.fi\/suomi\/index.php?sivu=20&#038;nimi=Kasvitaudit\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">h\u00e4r<\/a> hittar du exempel p\u00e5 v\u00e4xtsjukdomar och symptom. (Den senare l\u00e4nken leder till ett material p\u00e5 finska, men genom att googla sjukdomens finska namn kommer du till det vetenskapliga namnet och d\u00e4rifr\u00e5n till det svenska). G\u00e5 in p\u00e5 l\u00e4nkarna p\u00e5 f\u00f6rhand f\u00f6r att f\u00e5 en id\u00e9 om vad du letar efter<\/p>\n<p>Typiska symptom p\u00e5 svampsjukdomar \u00e4r bel\u00e4ggningar p\u00e5 v\u00e4xtens yta, f\u00e4rgf\u00f6r\u00e4ndringar och tillv\u00e4xtst\u00f6rningar. Att st\u00e4lla en diagnos \u00e4r inte alls enkelt eftersom till exempel n\u00e4ringsbrist kan ge liknande effekter p\u00e5 v\u00e4xterna, men det \u00e4r ingen fara om du f\u00e5r med n\u00e5gra exempel p\u00e5 det ocks\u00e5. Ta ocks\u00e5 med de v\u00e4xter vars sjukdomssymptom du inte kan diagnosticera. Kanske n\u00e5gon annan kan g\u00f6ra det senare!\n<\/p>\n<p>Vad m\u00e4rkte du n\u00e4r du samlade ihop ditt herbarium? Hittade du mera sjukdomar p\u00e5 vissa platser \u00e4n andra? Hurdana platser i s\u00e5 fall? Hittade du sjukdomar som var mycket vanliga och s\u00e5dana som fanns bara p\u00e5 n\u00e5gon enda v\u00e4xt?<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243; background_color=&#8221;#c6f58a&#8221; da_disable_devices=&#8221;off|off|off&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; da_is_popup=&#8221;off&#8221; da_exit_intent=&#8221;off&#8221; da_has_close=&#8221;on&#8221; da_alt_close=&#8221;off&#8221; da_dark_close=&#8221;off&#8221; da_not_modal=&#8221;on&#8221; da_is_singular=&#8221;off&#8221; da_with_loader=&#8221;off&#8221; da_has_shadow=&#8221;on&#8221;][et_pb_row module_class=&#8221;next-chapter&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus-fi.hel5.wp-cloud.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/6.png&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243;][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><a href=\"6-lantakuoriaisten-monimuotoisuus\/\"><span class=\"s1\">Kapitel 6 6<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"p1\"><a href=\"6-lantakuoriaisten-monimuotoisuus\/\"><span class=\"s1\"><b>Dyngbaggarnas diversitet <\/b><\/span><\/a><\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; module_id=&#8221;sammanfattning-1&#8243; module_class=&#8221;popup single&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243; da_is_popup=&#8221;on&#8221; da_popup_slug=&#8221;yhteenveto-1&#8243; da_is_singular=&#8221;on&#8221; da_disable_devices=&#8221;off|off|off&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; da_exit_intent=&#8221;off&#8221; da_has_close=&#8221;on&#8221; da_alt_close=&#8221;off&#8221; da_dark_close=&#8221;off&#8221; da_not_modal=&#8221;on&#8221; da_with_loader=&#8221;off&#8221; da_has_shadow=&#8221;on&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;Popup &#8211; #yhteenveto-1&#8243;][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243;]<\/p>\n<h3>Svensk sammanfattning av artikeln \u201cDiverse and variable virus communities in wild plant populations revealed by metagenomic tools\u201d<\/h3>\n<p>Inne i v\u00e4xterna och p\u00e5 deras yta lever en m\u00e5ngsidig samling mikrober av vilka en del \u00e4r patogener (sjukdomsalstrare). Under de senaste \u00e5ren har v\u00e5r kunskap om v\u00e4xtpatogener p\u00e5 odlings- och laboratoriev\u00e4xter \u00f6kat tack vare den nya sekvenseringsteknologin, men fortfarande vet vi mycket mindre om v\u00e4xtpatogener p\u00e5 vilda v\u00e4xter. Genom sekvensering av virusRNA fr\u00e5n v\u00e4xtprover kan vi emellertid nu hitta virus ocks\u00e5 i vilda v\u00e4rdv\u00e4xter.<\/p>\n<p>Vi unders\u00f6kte virus p\u00e5 v\u00e4xten svartk\u00e4mpar (Plantago lanceolata) p\u00e5 \u00c5land med hj\u00e4lp av RNA-sekvensering. Svartk\u00e4mpar och \u00e4ngsn\u00e4tfj\u00e4rilen (Melitea cinxia) som lever p\u00e5 den har i flera decennier varit ett viktigt modellsystem som forskarna utnyttjat f\u00f6r unders\u00f6kningar av m\u00e5nga ekologiska fenomen. I den h\u00e4r unders\u00f6kningen studerade vi virusens utbredning, upptr\u00e4dande enskilt eller tillsammans, samt kopplingen till synliga symptom p\u00e5 v\u00e4xterna f\u00f6r de fem vanligaste  virusen vi hittade.<\/p>\n<p>Utom ett tidigare k\u00e4nt virus hittade vi ocks\u00e5 fyra andra virus, potentiellt t ok\u00e4nda f\u00f6r vetenskapen.  Ur resultaten framg\u00e5r att virusens upptr\u00e4dande och diversitet varierade i olika delar av \u00c5land. V\u00e4xter med synliga symptom var oftast infekterade av virus, men vi fann ocks\u00e5 virus hos helt symptomfria v\u00e4xtindivider.<\/p>\n<p>I forts\u00e4ttningen skulle det vara intressant att studera vilka faktorer som p\u00e5verkar diversitetsniv\u00e5erna hos olika virus i olika omr\u00e5den. En s\u00e4ker best\u00e4mning av de nya virus vi hittat skulle m\u00f6jligen f\u00f6ruts\u00e4tta en sekvensering av hela deras genom.\n<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/peerj.com\/articles\/6140\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">L\u00e4nk till artikeln<\/a><\/p>\n<p><small>Susi H, Filloux D, Frilander MJ, Roumagnac P, Laine A. 2019. Diverse and variable virus communities in wild plant populations revealed by metagenomic tools. PeerJ 7:e6140 DOI:10.7717\/peerj.6140<\/small><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ju mera vi studerar mikrobernas biodiversitet, desto mera hittar vi och desto viktigare visar den sig vara. Mikrober \u00e4r sv\u00e5ra att studera eftersom man inte ser dem med blotta \u00f6gat, men under den senaste tiden har teknologins utveckling revolutionerat v\u00e5r uppfattning om mikroberna.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":783,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-782","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kappaleet"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>5. Mikrobernas osynliga diversitet - Monimuotoisuutta tutkimassa<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ju mera vi studerar mikrobernas biodiversitet, desto mera hittar vi och desto viktigare visar den sig vara. Mikrober \u00e4r sv\u00e5ra att studera eftersom man inte ser dem med blotta \u00f6gat, men under den senaste tiden har teknologins utveckling revolutionerat v\u00e5r uppfattning om mikroberna.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/5-mikrobien-nakymaton-monimuotoisuus\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sv_SE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"5. Mikrobernas osynliga diversitet - Monimuotoisuutta tutkimassa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ju mera vi studerar mikrobernas biodiversitet, desto mera hittar vi och desto viktigare visar den sig vara. Mikrober \u00e4r sv\u00e5ra att studera eftersom man inte ser dem med blotta \u00f6gat, men under den senaste tiden har teknologins utveckling revolutionerat v\u00e5r uppfattning om mikroberna.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/5-mikrobien-nakymaton-monimuotoisuus\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Monimuotoisuutta tutkimassa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-04-07T14:36:45+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-09-07T10:39:16+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/5.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"500\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"500\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Skriven av\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Ber\u00e4knad l\u00e4stid\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"10 minuter\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\\\/5-mikrobien-nakymaton-monimuotoisuus\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\\\/5-mikrobien-nakymaton-monimuotoisuus\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\\\/es\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/910bf8a70957cf5710a7b4f80d511c63\"},\"headline\":\"5. Mikrobernas osynliga diversitet\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-04-07T14:36:45+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-09-07T10:39:16+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\\\/5-mikrobien-nakymaton-monimuotoisuus\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":2028,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\\\/5-mikrobien-nakymaton-monimuotoisuus\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/04\\\/5.png\",\"articleSection\":[\"Kappaleet\"],\"inLanguage\":\"sv-SE\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\\\/5-mikrobien-nakymaton-monimuotoisuus\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\\\/5-mikrobien-nakymaton-monimuotoisuus\\\/\",\"name\":\"5. Mikrobernas osynliga diversitet - Monimuotoisuutta tutkimassa\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\\\/es\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\\\/5-mikrobien-nakymaton-monimuotoisuus\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\\\/5-mikrobien-nakymaton-monimuotoisuus\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/04\\\/5.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-04-07T14:36:45+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-09-07T10:39:16+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\\\/es\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/910bf8a70957cf5710a7b4f80d511c63\"},\"description\":\"Ju mera vi studerar mikrobernas biodiversitet, desto mera hittar vi och desto viktigare visar den sig vara. Mikrober \u00e4r sv\u00e5ra att studera eftersom man inte ser dem med blotta \u00f6gat, men under den senaste tiden har teknologins utveckling revolutionerat v\u00e5r uppfattning om mikroberna.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\\\/5-mikrobien-nakymaton-monimuotoisuus\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"sv-SE\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\\\/5-mikrobien-nakymaton-monimuotoisuus\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"sv-SE\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\\\/5-mikrobien-nakymaton-monimuotoisuus\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/04\\\/5.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/04\\\/5.png\",\"width\":500,\"height\":500},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\\\/5-mikrobien-nakymaton-monimuotoisuus\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\\\/sv\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"5. Mikrobernas osynliga diversitet\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\\\/es\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\\\/es\\\/\",\"name\":\"Monimuotoisuutta tutkimassa\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\\\/es\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"sv-SE\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\\\/es\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/910bf8a70957cf5710a7b4f80d511c63\",\"name\":\"admin\",\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus-fi.hel5.wp-cloud.dev\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\\\/sv\\\/author\\\/admin\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"5. Mikrobernas osynliga diversitet - Monimuotoisuutta tutkimassa","description":"Ju mera vi studerar mikrobernas biodiversitet, desto mera hittar vi och desto viktigare visar den sig vara. Mikrober \u00e4r sv\u00e5ra att studera eftersom man inte ser dem med blotta \u00f6gat, men under den senaste tiden har teknologins utveckling revolutionerat v\u00e5r uppfattning om mikroberna.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/5-mikrobien-nakymaton-monimuotoisuus\/","og_locale":"sv_SE","og_type":"article","og_title":"5. Mikrobernas osynliga diversitet - Monimuotoisuutta tutkimassa","og_description":"Ju mera vi studerar mikrobernas biodiversitet, desto mera hittar vi och desto viktigare visar den sig vara. Mikrober \u00e4r sv\u00e5ra att studera eftersom man inte ser dem med blotta \u00f6gat, men under den senaste tiden har teknologins utveckling revolutionerat v\u00e5r uppfattning om mikroberna.","og_url":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/5-mikrobien-nakymaton-monimuotoisuus\/","og_site_name":"Monimuotoisuutta tutkimassa","article_published_time":"2020-04-07T14:36:45+00:00","article_modified_time":"2021-09-07T10:39:16+00:00","og_image":[{"width":500,"height":500,"url":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/5.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Skriven av":"admin","Ber\u00e4knad l\u00e4stid":"10 minuter"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/5-mikrobien-nakymaton-monimuotoisuus\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/5-mikrobien-nakymaton-monimuotoisuus\/"},"author":{"name":"admin","@id":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/es\/#\/schema\/person\/910bf8a70957cf5710a7b4f80d511c63"},"headline":"5. Mikrobernas osynliga diversitet","datePublished":"2020-04-07T14:36:45+00:00","dateModified":"2021-09-07T10:39:16+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/5-mikrobien-nakymaton-monimuotoisuus\/"},"wordCount":2028,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/5-mikrobien-nakymaton-monimuotoisuus\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/5.png","articleSection":["Kappaleet"],"inLanguage":"sv-SE"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/5-mikrobien-nakymaton-monimuotoisuus\/","url":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/5-mikrobien-nakymaton-monimuotoisuus\/","name":"5. Mikrobernas osynliga diversitet - Monimuotoisuutta tutkimassa","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/es\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/5-mikrobien-nakymaton-monimuotoisuus\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/5-mikrobien-nakymaton-monimuotoisuus\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/5.png","datePublished":"2020-04-07T14:36:45+00:00","dateModified":"2021-09-07T10:39:16+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/es\/#\/schema\/person\/910bf8a70957cf5710a7b4f80d511c63"},"description":"Ju mera vi studerar mikrobernas biodiversitet, desto mera hittar vi och desto viktigare visar den sig vara. Mikrober \u00e4r sv\u00e5ra att studera eftersom man inte ser dem med blotta \u00f6gat, men under den senaste tiden har teknologins utveckling revolutionerat v\u00e5r uppfattning om mikroberna.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/5-mikrobien-nakymaton-monimuotoisuus\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"sv-SE","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/5-mikrobien-nakymaton-monimuotoisuus\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"sv-SE","@id":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/5-mikrobien-nakymaton-monimuotoisuus\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/5.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/5.png","width":500,"height":500},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/5-mikrobien-nakymaton-monimuotoisuus\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/sv\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"5. Mikrobernas osynliga diversitet"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/es\/#website","url":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/es\/","name":"Monimuotoisuutta tutkimassa","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/es\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"sv-SE"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/es\/#\/schema\/person\/910bf8a70957cf5710a7b4f80d511c63","name":"admin","sameAs":["https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus-fi.hel5.wp-cloud.dev"],"url":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/sv\/author\/admin\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/782","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=782"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/782\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1890,"href":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/782\/revisions\/1890"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/783"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=782"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=782"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/luonnonmonimuotoisuus.fi\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=782"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}